The new chancellor received 395 votes for his candidacy. However, Scholz needed the support of at least 369 lawmakers – an absolute majority – out of 736 Bundestag MPs. The three-party government coalition he heads occupies 416 seats in the Lower House of the German Parliament.

His election marks a significant turning point in Germany’s political landscape, following 16 years of uninterrupted rule for Merkel’s conservative bloc, joined by either the Social Democrats or the Free Democrats during her four terms as chancellor.

Later on Wednesday, Scholz was sworn in as chancellor and his cabinet after meeting President Frank-Walter Steinmeier, who handed him an official appointment document.

Scholz is the fourth Social Democratic leader of the government in the nation’s post-war history. His party emerged as the most potent force in the Bundestag following the election in September. It gained a narrow victory over Merkel’s Christian Democratic Union (CDU), led by her successor, Armin Laschet. 

Scholz, 63, is a veteran politician. Between 2011 and 2018, he served as mayor of Hamburg – the second-largest German city after Berlin – and which, like Berlin, is also a separate federal state. He was a labor minister in Merkel’s first cabinet between 2007 and 2009 and pushed for a short-work scheme to protect German workers from the consequences of the global financial crisis. 

Between 2009 and 2019, he was the deputy head of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). He also served as finance minister and vice-chancellor in Merkel’s fourth government since March 2018. As a finance minister, he allowed record state borrowing to help shield German businesses and employees from the impact of Covid-19 lockdowns.